REAL WORLD IOT EXAMPLES

 REAL WORLD IOT EXAMPLES

                  Here, we are going to discuss some real world IOT applications such as IOT sensors, IOT data analytics, IOT tracking and monitoring system, connected health care system and finally wearables.

IOT SENSORS:

                 IOT sensors consists of manual or digital sensors connected to circuit boards such as Arduino UNO or Raspberry Pi2 . The circuit boards are programmed to measure a range of data collected from a sensor device such as carbon monoxide, temperature, humidity pressure, vibration and motion.

                  The IOT sensors allow seamless control of data through automation delivering actionable insights. They can be used by business for predictive maintenance, enhanced efficiency and reduced costs.

IOT DATA ANALYTICS:

                  Data analytics is the analysis of huge data volumes generated by connected devices. Widely known companies such as Microsoft, GE, Amazon,SAP and sales force  have already started implementing IOT data analysis into their day to day processess.

                  IOT data analytics app can analyze structured, unstructured and semi structured data to extract meaningful insights and also to investigate motion data sets, geographical data and health care data.

IOT TRACKING AND MONITORING SYSTEM:

                  Many business are using IOT systems for asset tracking. IOT  asset tracking devices use GPS or Radio frequency to track and  monitor properties. The smart devices can be used for long-range identification of assets.

CONNECTED HEALTH CARE SYSTEM:

                    IOT has more number of applications in health care industry. The technology can be used to provide high quality medical services using smart medical devices. It is also called as Internet of Medical Things(IOMT), the technology that can help in monitoring and supporting vital data which can help in making clinical decisions.

                    IOT medical devices can help in real time monitoring  of patients remotely. The devices can report an emergency like an asthma attack, heart failure etc.,immediately send information to a physician. This can help in potentially saving the lives of many individuals.

           IOT devices can collect health care including blood pressure, sugar level ,        oxygen and weight. Data can be stored in online and it can be accessed by the physician anytime.

WEARABLES:

                    Wearables have a explosive demand in markets all over the world. Companies like Google, Samsung have invested heavily in building such devices. They are installed with sensors and softwares which collect data and information about the users. This data is later pre-processed to extract essential insights about user.

                     These devices broadly cover fitness, health and entertainment requirements. The pre-requisite from IOT technology for wearable applications is to be highly energy , efficient or ultra low power and small sized.

                   

INTERNET OF THINGS

INTERNET  OF THINGS 

       IOT  represents the Internet of Things that describes the network of physical objects, it means "things" that are embedded with software, sensors and some other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and system over the internet.

        It can also be defined as ,it integrates the interconnectedness of human culture-our 'things' with the interconnectedness of our digital information system 'the internet'.

       The term "Internet of things" was coined by Kevin Ashton , in 1999 during his work at Procter and Gamble. He is called as the father of IOT.

       The IOT was initially most interesting to business and manufacturing, where its application is sometimes known as machine to machine , but the emphasis is now on filling our houses and offices with smart devices, transforming it into something that's relevant to almost everyone.

How it works?

       An IOT system consists of devices , sensors which 'talk' to the cloud through some kind of internet connectivity. Once the data received by the cloud ,software processes it and then might to decide to perform an action, such as sending an alert or automatically adjusting the sensor or devices without the need for the users.

      IOT devices use a variety of methods to connect and share the data . Most of them use some form of wireless connectivity:homes and offices will use Wi-Fi , Zigbee,other devices will use LTE, LTE-M etc.,

       In the next few years , one  area of growth will undoubtedly be the use of 5G networks to support IOT projects. 5G offers the ability to fit as many as one million 5G devices in a square kilometre which means , that it will be possible to use large number of sensors in a very small area , making large scale industrial IOT developments as possible.

      Today so many technologies that enable IOT. The IOT is making the fabric of the world around us more smarter and more responsive, merging the digital an physicl universes.This IOT promises to make our environment , our houses and offices and vehicles smarter and more measurable.

SENSORS IN AGRICULTURE 

            Sensors in agriculture and forestry play an important role today. Now a days , smart agriculture is increasing in this world. This can be very useful to the farmers and also to get more cultivation in crops, proper maintenance ,etc,.Here, we are going to see some basic sensors that are using in the agriculture field.

pH SENSORS:

             The nutrients that we get from the plant growth is more essential for human and to the animals . By using pH sensors we get a deep knowledge about our soil conditions, how the nutrient consistency in our soil or the presence of any unwanted chemicals . These sensors are very helpful in smart agriculture to monitor daily or weekly or annually fluctuations in soil pH and nutrient values.

TEMPERATURE SENSOR:

             In two ways, this sensor play a great role in smart agriculture, ambient condition monitoring and mechanical asset monitoring.

             Highly accurate temperature and humidity sensors, preceise predictive temperature forecasts are imperactive to the ice wine industry.

LOCATION SENSORS:

              These sensors determine latitude,longitude and attitude of any position within required area. They take help of GPS satellites for this purpose.

OPTICAL SENSORS:

               This sensor is used to measure the properties of the soil. These sensors are installed on drones, satellites or robots to determine clay, organic matter and moisture contents of the soil .

GAS SENSORS:

              Gas sensors are important in agriculture  field for many number of applications.Commercial greenhouse control systems measure and temperature control and carbon dioxide concentration for optimal crop growth. The co2 guardian NG is designed for long term continuous measurement of co2.

               The Gascard NG sensor is widely used in pig and foultry processing applications to detect the co2  level where high concentrations of co2  are used.

                Spoilage of stored grains can be detected with gas sensor for co2 measurement .For monitoring methane emissions from agriculture and Dairy farming.

MECHANICAL SENSORS:

                It measures soil compaction or 'Mechanical Resistance'. The sensors use a probe that penetrates the soil and records resistive  forces through use of load cells or strain gauges.This similar technology is used on large tractors to predict pulling requirements for ground engaging equipment.

DIELECTRIC SOIL MOISTURE SENSORS:

                It access moisture levels by measuring the dielectric constant (an electrical property that changes depending on the amount of moisture present)in the soil.

AIRFLOW SENSORS:

               It measures soil air permeability. Measurements can be made at singular locations or dynamically while in motion. The desired output is the pressure required to push a predetermined amount of air into the ground at a prescribed depth. Various types of soil properties,including compaction, structure , soil type and moisture level, procedure unique identifying signatures. 

SENSORS IN SMARTPHONE

SENSORS IN SMARTPHONE

         There are so many sensors ,that are inbuilt in our smartphones for many purposes.Here, we are going to see some standard sensors that take place in our smartphones.

ACCELEROMETER  SENSOR:

                          The accelerometer  detects the axis based motion sensing. It sense the changes in the orientation of smartphones with respect to x,y and z axis.

                          Today most of the camera apps provides various specifications like portrait mode or panorama mode,it looks like different,so these all features are based on this accelerometer sensor .

AMBIENT LIGHT SENSOR:

                           In this, the sensor detects the light around our environment. Working of autobrightness in our phone is due to this sensor.This sensor detects the light intensity around us and send the information to the operating system and based on that data operating system adjusts the brightness.

AMBIENT TEMPERATURE SENSOR:

                           The temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature around your environment.This is not a standard sensor for all phones.Only some special flagship phones like Galaxy S4 or S5 have this kind of sensors.

AIR HUMIDITY SENSOR:

                           This sensor is used to detect the humidity around your environment.This sensor helps in some advance fitness apps.

BAROMETER SENSOR:

                           Barometer used to detect atmospheric pressure. It can also detect the distance from sea level. It can basically do two tasks.First,if your phone has barometer will help GPS to accurately detect your location and the second one is your phone can help you to detect many fitness activities like tracking the steps you walk through the day etc.,

FINGER PRINT SENSOR:

                            Today, people who using smartphones are likes to put fingerprint for their security in phone. In that place, the fingerprint sensor play a great role. When you enroll your fingerprint for the first time, it creates a map of your fingerprint.Then,when the next time, it just matches its with the registered once. If it matches the phone will unlock.

GYROSCOPE SENSOR:

                            It is the advanced version of accelerometer . It works with accelerometer and it detects each degree of changes in orientation. It provides highly precious motion sensing. when you play racing games this is the sensor which senses your actions.

HARMFUL RADIATION SENSOR:

                            It is a specially designed sensor for special persons who need it. It is used to detect the harmful radiation in the nearby environment.

MAGNETOMETER SENSOR:

                           This sensor works like a compass in your phone.Whether we use Google maps or Apple maps, this magnetometer sensor tells where is north or some other directions.

NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION SENSOR (NFC):

                          It is one of the farthest growing technology in smartphones,with wide the adoption of cashless payment. Two electronic devices which can communicate with each other by bringing them within 4 cm of each other. They can quickly send encrypted data to each other such as the payment details. If you have this in your phone you can do payments by just tapping it with on the NFC enabled device.

PROXIMITY SENSOR:

                         It detects the presence of object . This sensor detects the distance between sensor and object (generally your ear or hand). During phone calls , your screen automatically turned off, is due to  the action done by this sensor.

 

SENSORS

 SENSORS

             A Sensor is an instrument ,that measures the physical or chemical characteristic and convert that measurement  into a signal that can be read by by the observer or automated data collection system.It is otherwise defined as , it is a input device which produces output with respect to the specific physical quantity.

              We are live in the world of sensor.In our day to day life ,we can find different types of sensors in our homes, offices, public places, colleges,etc.,which can turn our life into easier way by their excellent process.

               For examples, turning on light by the detection of our presence,adjusting the room temperature,detect smoke or fire,open garage doors as soon as our car is near the door or gate,make us a delicious coffee and in many more ways ,it makes our lives easier and more comfortable. Without the use of sensors , the automation is incomplete for anything.Hence,Sensors  play a great role in this technological  world.

TYPES OF SENSORS:

• Temperature sensors
• Proximity sensors
• Ultrasonic sensors
• IR sensors
• Pressure sensor
• Smoke,Gas,Alcohol sensors,etc.,

REAL TIME APPLICATION:

AUTOPILOT

                Now a days , almost all the civilian and military aircrafts  have the feature of automatic flight control system.It consists of several sensors that are used for to do several tasks like speed control,height,position,doors,obstacle,fuel and many more.

               A computer takes data from all of these sensors and process them by comparing them with the pre-designed values.Hence, the computer provides signal to the different parts like enginees, flaps,rudderrs etc.,Hence , it is possible to run the plane in autopilot mode.

STREET LIGHT GLOWING ON DETECTING VEHICLE MOVEMENT USING IR SENSOR:

                IR sensors are light based sensors,used in various applications like proximity and object detection.

                In this application, a micro controller board is used for the automatic ON and OFF of street lights by the movement of vehicles.Here  we use Transmissive IR sensor , the IR transmitter and receiver are placed facing each other . So, that the IR receiver always detects IR rays emitted by the IR transmitter.

                 If there is an obstacle between IR transmitter and the receiver , the IR rays are blocked by the obstacle and the IR receiver stops detecting the IR rays.

                 This can be configured to turn ON or OFF the LEDs or Street lights with the help of micro controller.

 

ARDUINO

ARDUINO

                    Arduino is an open source electronics platform, based on easy to use hardware and software used to build electronic projects.

                   The common think that,all the arduino boards have is basically a microcontroller board.It is a primary chip , that act as a brain of a arduino. And is also called as small computer.The chip we used is ATmega328p.

                   With the arduino, we are able to design and create devices that can able to interact with its surroundings. The arduino  boards are basically a tool for controlling elelctronics. They are able to read inputs with their onboard(light on a sensor,an object near a sensor) and turn into an output (ring alarm, turning on led..)

                    But, apart from all of this we have to program the arduino. It is done by using a software application called Arduino IDE(integrated development environment).

=

EXAMPLES:

• Arduino arm flame thrower
• Arduino formula LED race
• Home automation with arduino.

ADVANTAGES:

• Cost of Arduino is very accessible.
• For beginners it is easy to use the IDE software.
• Arduino-is a cross platform(it means we can run it on any operating systems windows,linux ,etc.,)