SENSORS

 SENSORS

             A Sensor is an instrument ,that measures the physical or chemical characteristic and convert that measurement  into a signal that can be read by by the observer or automated data collection system.It is otherwise defined as , it is a input device which produces output with respect to the specific physical quantity.

              We are live in the world of sensor.In our day to day life ,we can find different types of sensors in our homes, offices, public places, colleges,etc.,which can turn our life into easier way by their excellent process.

               For examples, turning on light by the detection of our presence,adjusting the room temperature,detect smoke or fire,open garage doors as soon as our car is near the door or gate,make us a delicious coffee and in many more ways ,it makes our lives easier and more comfortable. Without the use of sensors , the automation is incomplete for anything.Hence,Sensors  play a great role in this technological  world.

TYPES OF SENSORS:

• Temperature sensors
• Proximity sensors
• Ultrasonic sensors
• IR sensors
• Pressure sensor
• Smoke,Gas,Alcohol sensors,etc.,

REAL TIME APPLICATION:

AUTOPILOT

                Now a days , almost all the civilian and military aircrafts  have the feature of automatic flight control system.It consists of several sensors that are used for to do several tasks like speed control,height,position,doors,obstacle,fuel and many more.

               A computer takes data from all of these sensors and process them by comparing them with the pre-designed values.Hence, the computer provides signal to the different parts like enginees, flaps,rudderrs etc.,Hence , it is possible to run the plane in autopilot mode.

STREET LIGHT GLOWING ON DETECTING VEHICLE MOVEMENT USING IR SENSOR:

                IR sensors are light based sensors,used in various applications like proximity and object detection.

                In this application, a micro controller board is used for the automatic ON and OFF of street lights by the movement of vehicles.Here  we use Transmissive IR sensor , the IR transmitter and receiver are placed facing each other . So, that the IR receiver always detects IR rays emitted by the IR transmitter.

                 If there is an obstacle between IR transmitter and the receiver , the IR rays are blocked by the obstacle and the IR receiver stops detecting the IR rays.

                 This can be configured to turn ON or OFF the LEDs or Street lights with the help of micro controller.